Pest Management : Pest and Disease Forecast by TNAU
Groundnut:
In Erode, Salem, Sivagangai, Thiruvannamalai, Villupuram, Pudukottai and Ramanathapuram
districts, leaf miner incidence was sporadically recorded. Hence, the farmers are advised to monitor the insect using light traps.
Dry root rot was noticed here and there. Hence, the farmers are advised to drench the soil with 0.1%
(1 g in 1 litre water) carbendazim.
Paddy:
In Tirunelveli, Salem, Kanyakumari, Theni, Thiruvarur, Villupuram, Dharmapuri, Madurai, Thanjavur
and Pudukottai districts, the leaf folder and stemborer incidence was found in Paddy. Hence farmers are advised to spray
neem seed kernel extract 5% along with sticking agent 1 ml/lit and also set up light traps (one/ac) to monitor the pest population.
For managing bacterial leaf blight incidence farmers can spray copper hydroxide 500 g/ac.
Sugarcane:
In Coimbatore, Erode, Dharmapuri, Nagapattinam, Sivaganga, Villupuram, Salem and Tiruchirapalli
districts, the internode borer incidence was noticed. Hence farmers are advised to release
Trichogramma chilonis egg parasitoid @ 1 c.c / acre 6 times starting from 4th months onwards at 15 days interval.
Maize:
In Madurai, Tiruppur, Coimbatore, Dharmapuri and Pudukottai districts, sporadic incidence of stem
borer was noticed. Farmers are advised to monitor the adult moths by setting up light traps. If
needed spray neem seed kernel extract 5% along with sticking agent @ 1ml /lit.
Vegetables
Bhendi:
Yellow vein mosaic virus: Spray systemic insecticides like methyl demeton or imidacloprid 17.8 SL 2 ml/10 l or dimethoate
@2 ml / l to kill the insect vector, whitefly.
Chillies:
Fruit borer:
Integrated pest management of fruit borer:
1. Set up pheromone traps for Helicoverpa armigera / Spodoptera litura @ 5 no. / ac.
2. Spray Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2 g / lit.
Source:http://agritech.tnau.ac.in
Pest Management : Promotion to Bio—Pesticides under IPM approach
Under the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, the Government of India is promoting use of bio pesticides. The Central Integrated Pest Management Centres (CIPMCs) promote IPM through Farmers’ Field Schools and various training programmes.
Package of practices for control of pests and diseases in 66 crops have been revised to include techniques to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and encourage use of biopesticides and other alternative plant protection measures.
Central Government provides grant-in-aid of Rs.45.00 lakhs for building and Rs.20.00 lakh for procuring equipments for Biocontrol Laboratories for production of biocontrol agents including biopesticides to State Governments.
Farmers Field Schools are being organized with the assistance of Central Integrated Pest Management Centres (CIPMCs) across the country including states namely Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan in crops like cotton, vegetables, potato, tomato and citrus which are considered as preferable hosts for white fly.
Farmers are being trained about the identification and conservation methods of various predators like chrysopa, lady bird beetles, spiders and other predatory fauna found in agro ecosystem.
Source:http://cifa.in
Plant
Disease
A
plant disease is a physiological or structural abnormality that is deletrious to the plant
or to any of its parts or products, or reduces their economic value. It expresses itself
in a definite series of symptoms.
Plant
disease may be temporary or permanent, depending on the speed of recovery. Further, a
disease may be localised, involving only a limited part of a plant, or it may be
systematic when its infection is generalized and spreads throughout the plant body.
Plant
disease may be caused by micro-organisms, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas,
etc. or may be incited by physiological causes including high or low temparatures, lack or
excess of soil moisture and aeration, deficiency or excess of plant nutrients, soil
acidity or alkalinity, etc. The micro-organisms obtain their food either by breaking down
dead plant and animal remains (saprophytes) or by attacking living plants and animals
(parasites). In order to obtain nutrients, the parasitic organisms excrete enzymes or
toxins and kill the cells of the tissues of the host plant, as a result of which either
the whole plant or a part of it is damaged or killed, or considerable disturbance takes
place in its normal metabolic process. |
Ag.
Technologies
(Pest Mgmt.)
|