Sheath rot (Sarocladium oryzae)
Sheath rot is one of the important fungal diseases of rice. Most prevalent in all rice growing regions.
Nature of damage
- It occurs on the uppermost leaf sheath enclosing the young panicles.
- The lesions appear as oblong or irregular spots with brown margins and grey centres, which enlarge and cover most of the leaf sheath.
- The disease is mainly spread through air-borne in nature.
- The disease is favoured by closer planting, high doses of nitrogen, high humidity and temperature around 25-30 C. injuries made by leaf folder, mealy bug, brown plant hopper and mites increase the infection.
Control measures
The following cultural and bio control measures may help to reduce the disease incidence.
- Growing disease tolerant varieties like IR 8, IR 20, IR 24, IR 26, IR 50, IR 54, IR 60, ADT 36, ADT 38, ASD 5, ASD 7, ASD 8, ASD 11 and ASD 17.
- Adopting optimum spacing of plants may reduce the disease incidence.
- Applying recommended dose of fertilizers.
- The slow release Nitrogen compounds like coaltar coated urea and neem coated urea may reduce the disease incidence.
- Seed heating with pseudomonas fluorescence 10 g/kg of seeds reduce the disease.
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