Watershed enjoins the biophysical, social and economic inputs, which if optimally managed, lead to diversified high agricultural production, control of environmental degradation and provide a mechanism for the recharge of groundwater aquifers. Watershed improve water availability for crop and plants, augmentation of groundwater recharge like improvement in water table, water yield, numbers of well etc.,
Watershed thus ensure water adequacy to crops and reduce the risks of yield loss due to water related stresses. The main aim is to manage the land and water resources for sustained production. To avoid water scarcity construction of water harvesting structures in watershed area is very important. If it is constructed in the lower portion at a suitable or appropriate location which will stored large quantity of water to re-charge the ground water which in turn helped to get more water in the existing wells. Due to water harvesting structures the groundwater table will increased and there will not be problem of scarcity. This water can be used as protective irrigation to the crops and other domestic uses. In watershed area dug wells also constructed while considering water storages for long term.
Dug wells or open wells are dug down to the water bearing strata. The open excavation is usually circular in shape, the diameter varying from 1.5 to 4.5m. The wells generally derive their water from unconfined aquifers. They may be lined or unlined. They can yield relatively large quantities of water from shallow sources. Their large diameters permit the storage of large quantities of water. Dug wells must be deep about 4 to 10 m below the water table in dry weather. Large dug wells can be constructed rapidly with portable excavating equipment such as clam-shell and orange-peel buckets.
Ag.
Technologies
(Agricultural
Engineering)
