Barns
Introduction
Barns-The place where
the milch animals are kept, while planning a new barn, the size and location of the barn
with relation to the entire farm, the field roads, drainage channels, prevailing winds,
land scaping should be considered.
- The location of fodder and feed storage
building should be included in plan.
- The requirements of the dairy cows and
calves should also be considered.
- Milk straining, weighing, cooling and
cleaning of the milk utensils required.
- Significant amount of labour.
- Site should be well drained.
- It should located near the highway.
- Milking parlour/room should be located
6m away from the main shed.
- Layout of barn should be north, south
in direction for ventilation there should be netting of 125-150 cm. from the wall of barn.
- There should be supply of clean water
in plenty.
Types
In this type cattles
are free. For this type construction cost is very less and extension of barn can be made
without much changes. Due to exercise and having free, cattle are healthy and milk yield
is more. But this method is not scientific.
This method has
advantage of saving time while cleaning the barn as much of time require for back side of
the cattles. This method has following advantages being a scientific method.
- There is an advantage of space while
milking and cleaning.
- Due to opposite face there is less risk
of transferring mouth diseases of cattle, which may spread by respiration.
- Cattles get plenty of fresh air.
- At time peoples who engaged in cleaning
and milking can be easily watch by the owner
- Easy detection of any injury or
bleeding or wound causes at the backside of cattle.
Having opposite faces
it has a presentable look.
Advantages
Cattles feel free and
ease.
Cattle feed can be
placed easily.
For less availability
of place, it is very suitable.
It requires more
sunlight.
It is not a scientific
method.
Space for Carrying Feed and Fodder.
It is between the
outer wall and feed alley having width 100 cm.
Feed Alley
It should have 75 cm.
width, 50-60 cm. height at the backside and at front 15-20 cm. height so that feed should
not be placed outside. It should be prepared by cement concrete.
Space For Cattle
For standing the
cattle space should be about 150 cm. having width should be 100-200 cm. Floor should be
built by bricks and place a layer of concrete giving 1% slope.
Gutter
Width of gutter should
be 50 cm. having depth of 15 cm. After cleaning of cattle barn to drain the water quickly
it should have slope upto 2%.
Considering 100-120
cm. space for each animal length of barn should be determine by number of animals to be
kept in the barn. To protect the cattle from heavy rain and winter, the netted part of
barn should be closed by a curtain of gunny bag.
Space Required for Cattle (Sq.ft)
S .
N. |
Cattle |
Close Space |
Open Space |
Feed alley
per animal (inch) |
1 |
Cow |
20-30 |
80-100 |
20-24 |
2 |
Buffalo |
25-35 |
80-100 |
24-30 |
3 |
Calf |
15-20 |
50-60 |
15-20 |
4 |
Pregnant
cow |
100-120 |
180-200 |
24-30 |
5 |
Servicing
bull |
120-140 |
200-250 |
24-30 |
Maintenance of Cattle Barn
In case of close housing, cattle barn
should be cleaned twice in a day. Barns kept dry and clean and do not stored cow dung and
other waste.
During period of disease or atleast
twice in a year waste of barn should be burnt. Also floor of barn, bottom of feed alley
and wall should be burn by using kerosene flame stove with due care. Lime powder should be
spread on the floor.
Barn should be disinfectant by using
Melathion 1% or phenyl 5%, and feed alley and floor should be clean by using 2% sodium
hydroxide or 4% sodium carbonate.
Water tank should be painted by lime.
In drinking water 0.01% potassium paramagnet should added. During summer floor of barn
should be dug and add 20 kg of B.H.C. of 10% and level the land and keep as such for a
month.
During winter, roof of barn should be
covered with grass so that barn will be warm. And during summer, spread grass on the roof
having asbestos sheet or galvanised sheet and sprinkle the water.
Electrical transmission wires should be
1.5 m above the ground level.
During summer atleast upto 10 m
surrounding the barn, dried grass should be burnt to avoid fire hazards.
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