Tree Cutting Production

Introduction

Agroforestry is a land management system that optimizes land productivity by harnessing positive interactions between tree-crop-live-stock system. Conservation of natural resources and optimization of productivity could be considered as vital to its functioning. Creating rural opportunities for value-addition of products and establishing, mechanisms for efficient marketing is vital to agroforestry adoption, upgrade the planting materials, innovate planting management and utilization technologies and emphasis on multipurpose indigenous trees. The basic goal would be providing protection to the watershed, arresting further land degradation and enriching natural resources including the biodiversity. Besides these, it should aim at meeting the deficits of fodder, firewood and small timber requirement of the area. Most important multipurpose trees for meeting these demands have been identified, viz. Eucalyptus hybrid, Populus deltoides, Acacia spp., Dalbergia spp., Morus alba, Anthocephalus cadamba, Casuarina equisetifolia, Prosopis spp., bamboos, Grevillea robusta, Leucaena leucocephala etc. Agroforestry is to be promoted on 'wood catchment' basis to support a large number of wood/ pulp-based industries.

Benefits

  • Food

1.   Human food from trees (fruits, nuts, leaves, cereal substitutes etc.)

2.   Livestock feed from trees (one step down the trophic chain)

3.   Fertiliser trees for improving the nutritional status of food and feed crops through:

  1. Nitrogen fixation,

  2. access to greater volume of soil nutrients through deep rooting trees, and

  3. improved availability of nutrients associated with higher cation exchange capacity and Organic matter levels.

4.   Soil and water conservation.

5.   Microclimate amelioration associated with properly designed arrangements of trees (e.g. shelter-belts, dispersed shade trees) in crop and grazing lands (indirect production benefits).

  • Energy

  1. Firewood for directs combustion.

  2. Pyrolytic conversion products (charcoal, oil, gas).

  3. Produces gas from wood or charcoal feedstocks.

  4. Oils, latex, other combustible spas and resins.

  5. Augmentation of wind power using appropriate arrangements of trees to create venturi effects wind power is proportional to the cube of wind velocity).

  • Shelter

1. Building materials for shelter construction.

2. Shade trees for humans, livestock and shade-loving crops.

3. Wind-breaks and shelter-belts for protection of settlements, cropland and pastures.

4. Use as living fences.

  • Raw materials for processing

1. Wood for a variety of craft purposes.

2. Fibre for weaving industries.

3. Fruits, nuts etc. for drying or other food-processing industries.

4. Tannins, essential oil, medicinal ingredients etc.

  • Cash

  1. Direct cash benefits from sale of above-listed products.

  2. Indirect cash benefits from productivity increases ( or input savings) via associated crops or livestock.

  • Social production

  1. Production of goods for socially motivated exchange (e.g. cattle for bride price, ceremonial foods etc.)

  2. Increased cash for social purposes (ritual expenses, development levels, political contributions etc.)

Fodder purpose

For fodder purpose following trees are used: Acacia aneura, A.auriculiformis, Albizia amara, chinensis, falcataria, lebbek, lucida, procera, Bambusa arundinacea, nutans, vulgaris, Bauhinia racemosa, variegata, Bombax malabariucm, Cajanus cajan, Calliandra calothyrsus, Cassia auriculata, fistula, Ceiba petendra, Cordia dichotoma, Cordia dichotoma, Erythrina fusca, indica, variegata, Eucalyptus camandulensis, Gliricidia sepium, Morus alba, serrata, Phoenix dactylifera, P.juliflora, Pterocarpus dalbergioides, Pyrus communis, Ricinus communis, Sesbania aculeata, Theobroma cocoa, Z.nummularia

  • Fuel

For fuel purpose following trees are used: Achras zapota, Ailanthus excelsa, grandis, integrifolia, Balanites aegyptiaca, Borassus fiabelifer, Capparis decidua, Casuarina equisetifolia, Flemingia macrophylla, Grevillea robusta, Pithecellobium dulce, Quercus spp.,Pterocarpus dalbergioides

  • Food

For food purpose following trees are used: Annona squamosa, muricata, Areca catechu, triandra, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Emblica officinalis, Litchi chinensis, Mangifera indica, Salvadora oleoides, persica, Tamarindus indica, Zizyphus mauritiana

  • Industrial uses

For industrial use following trees are used: Anacardium occidentale, Avicennia marina,officinalis, Borassus flabelifer, Ceiba pentendra, Coffee arabica,cenephora, Diospyros melaxylon, Ercalyptus camandulensis,Melia azedarach, Syzygium aromaticun

  • Timber

For timber purpose following trees are used: Thespesia populnea, Tectona grandis, Santalum album, Robinia pseudoacacia, Prunus armeniaca, cerasoides, domestica, persica, Manilkara littorails, Madhuca indica, Hardwicikia bipinnata, Grewia elastica, Dalbergia sissoo, Cocos nucifera, Calliandra calothyrsus, Barringtonia acutangula, racemosa, artocarpus altilis, heterophyllus, lakoocha, Anogeissus latifolia, Planifrons, senegal, tortilis


Ag.
Technologies
(Agro Forestry)